NEW VIEW DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION BY-LAWS These By-Laws are intended to and shall govern the affairs of the New View Neighborhood Development Corporation. ARTICLE I PURPOSE AND GOALS Section 1.1. Purpose The New View Neighborhood Development Corporation has been established to create a community (The Community) whose architectural and social organization will enrich its Members' daily lives. The general goals for the Community are: A. to encourage a sense of community; B. to support the Members' needs and wants for privacy; C. to provide a secure and enriched setting for children; D. to be environmentally gentle; E. to be affordable; and F. to encourage involvement in the surrounding community. The Corporation and its Members will seek to achieve these goals by designing and building a residential development with generous common facilities, including a common house with such things as dining facilities, meeting rooms, workshops, offices, and other amenities for common usage. Houses will be set along pedestrian pathways, and other architectural devices will be used to encourage social activity and interaction. Vehicle access will be restricted. The Corporation will strive to create a social structure where friends and community will always be near, yet the privacy of residents' homes will be preserved. Shared labor, responsibilities, and experiences within the Community will enrich the Members' social environment, provide a sense of unity and belonging, reduce the overhead of daily living, and realize some economies of scale. Section 1.2. Goals and Visions In creating this Community the following goals and visions will be pursued: A less burdensome and alienating lifestyle will be promoted. A primary goal is to enjoy the benefits of community living and shared facilities while supporting individual autonomy and household privacy. The Community should enrich its Members' lives. The Corporation intends to build a community whose design and organization supports daily, casual interactions and shared experiences. The Members desire to live among neighbors who watch out for one another. Common interests and responsibilities will produce a sense of unity, mutual trust, and belonging among the community members. A goal of the Corporation is to find an ecologically sustainable way of life. The Corporation will investigate ways that its Members' coordinated actions can benefit the Community at large. Energy efficiency will be a high priority in the Community's architecture. Sharing facilities that would otherwise be redundant is another way to reduce the burden on the natural environment. Through shared facilities, labor, and responsibilities, the Members can take advantage of the economies of scale afforded by a cooperative group. By pooling their resources, living environments can be enhanced in ways that would be wasteful or unaffordable to them individually. The Corporation shall strive for diversity of age, income, race, belief, sexual orientation, background, and other characteristics. Within the Community the Members will be as responsive as possible to individual needs and preferences. A diverse group will be promoted whose common ground is the Community and the experiences its Members share living within it. The goal is to create a community that protects individual privacy while it encourages sociability, and that respects each household's uniqueness while it invites unity. The Corporation will strive to foster a community in which every member does her or his part. This begins with careful screening of potential members, and continues with policies that encourage continued participation. The Community will be on a site with trees, near water, with a sense of space and peace. It should be near enough to the city that mass transit is accessible. There will be between 15 and 30 Households, clustered around pedestrian streets or courts. The Community will focus on a common building or buildings that include generous facilities for dining, recreation, guests, laundry, parking, workshops, and offices. Most dwellings will be close-set to encourage neighborly interaction and to provide a maximum of open space on the site for recreation and solitude. In summary, a fostering, nurturing, supportive Community of interactive Members will be created. Section 1.3. Overview of the By-Laws Prior to Incorporation, the Initial Members of the New View Neighborhood Development Corporation have been meeting, talking, and making consensus-based decisions with a growing spirit of closeness, honesty, and respect. It can thus be said that the Community already exists in spirit. The Corporation has been founded to embody and extend this spirit; to organize a site with buildings and people and a legal structure that supports the community. The Membership is the ultimate decision-making authority of the Community. The Steering Committee, described in Article II, acts as the board of the Corporation to ensure that the wishes of the Membership are carried forward. The Steering Committee creates other Committees, as described in Article IV, to enhance the range of what can be accomplished. All of the Committees strive to represent and carry out the will of the Membership. In all deliberations, whether of the general Membership, the Steering Committee, or another Committee, decisions shall be made using a modified consensus process as described in Article VI. While this process involves individual Members, all other rights and responsibilities of Members apply on a Household basis. The process of making Member Household decisions, and the classes, rights, and obligations of Members and Member Households are described in Article V. This document is designed to guide the operation of the community during its initial stages of searching for land, negotiating construction agreements, and putting up the houses. It is recognized that this document does not yet cover the legal and financial structure of the community after construction of the physical buildings. Separate constituent documents for the actual community association will be created as part of the development process. Section 1.4. Definitions The following terms shall, to the extent not otherwise defined herein, mean as follows: A. Corporation: New View Neighborhood Development Corporation. B. Community: The community whose development is the goal of the Corporation including the physical site, buildings, and environment as well as the collection of people (including children) living or intending to live in this development. Before a physical site is chosen and developed, the Community refers to the collection of people. C. Member Household (also Household): A group of individuals intending to live in the Community; membership, voting, and financial assessments in the Corporation are by Household. D. Member: An adult who is a part of a Member Household. Members are individuals who may participate in the affairs of the Corporation. E. The Membership: All of the Members of the Corporation (and hence the Community) at a given time. F. Consensus: A decision-making process in which all parties involved explicitly agree to the final decision. Unless otherwise stated, the word "consensus" always refers to the process described in Article VI. G. Committee: A working group composed of Members. ARTICLE II STEERING COMMITTEE Section 2.1. Number And Composition There shall be a Steering Committee comprised of no fewer than five (5) and no more than twelve (12) Members of the corporation. Section 2.2. Terms The term of each Steering Committee Member shall be three (3) years, shall commence upon the Annual Members Meeting date and shall be staggered so that approximately one-third of the Steering Committees' Member's terms expire at each such Annual Meeting. A. Initial Terms. The length of terms of the initial Steering Committee Members shall be set by random lot among their number so as to achieve the aforesaid staggering of terms. B. Expiration Of Term. The term of each Steering Committee Member shall expire at the Annual Members Meeting coinciding with the conclusion of his/her term; provided, however, that in the event as there is a failure of such a meeting and/or a failure to choose a successor, then such Steering Committee Member's term shall continue until his/her successor is chosen as hereinafter provided. Section 2.3. Selection/Appointment Steering Committee Members shall be chosen by consensus of the Member Households in accordance with the process specified in Section VI at a duly held Annual Members Meeting, or at a special meeting held in lieu thereof. Should there be a failure of such a meeting and/or a failure to so select, the remaining Steering Committee Members -- that is, those Steering Committee Members whose terms have not expired -- shall, by consensus, at the next regularly scheduled Steering Committee Meeting, or special meeting called for such purpose, appoint a successor, or successors, and/or leave such position vacant. In no event, however, shall there be left fewer than five Steering Committee Members. Section 2.4. Resignation; Removal Any Steering Committee Member may resign at any time by instrument in writing delivered to the Steering Committee and/or the Presiding Officer and/or Recording Officer. Such resignation shall take effect upon delivery as aforesaid unless otherwise specified therein. A Steering Committee Member may be removed, with or without cause, by the decision of the Member Households at any duly held meeting. A Steering Committee Member shall be deemed to have resigned should his or her Membership in the Corporation cease. A vacancy created other than by removal shall be filled by appointment of the remaining Steering Committee as aforesaid. A vacancy created by a removal vote shall be filled by the choice of the Member Households as aforesaid at such meeting as is held to determine the removal. Section 2.5. Bond or Surety No Steering Committee Member chosen or appointed as hereinbefore provided shall be obliged to give any bond or surety or other security for the performance of any of his or her duties hereunder; provided, however, that upon a determination of the Member Households at a duly held meeting, such may be required of any one or more of the Steering Committee Members in such amount and with such sureties as shall be specified in such vote. All expenses incident to any such bond shall be charged as a Corporation Expense. Section 2.6. Compensation of Board of Directors No Steering Committee Member shall receive remuneration (which term shall not be deemed to include reimbursement for expenses incurred by a Steering Committee Member in connection with his or her duties, which reimbursement shall be permitted and charged as a Corporation Expense) for his or her services unless so provided for by a determination of the Member Households at a duly held meeting and any remuneration so provided shall be from time to time fixed by said Member Households and shall be a Corporation Expense. Upon the determination of the Steering Committee, other than the Steering Committee Member involved, any Steering Committee Member may receive reasonable remuneration for extraordinary or unusual services, legal, accounting or otherwise, rendered by him or her in connection with the affairs of the Corporation, all as shall be from time to time fixed and determined by the Steering Committee, and such remuneration shall be a Corporation Expense. Section 2.7. No Personal Liability No Steering Committee Member shall under any circumstance or in any event be held liable or accountable out of his or her personal assets or be deprived of compensation, if any, by reason of any action taken, suffered or omitted in good faith, in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interests of the Corporation, or for allowing one or more of the other Steering Committee Members to have possession of the Corporation's books or property, or be so liable, accountable or deprived by reason of honest errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law or by reason of anything except his or her own personal and willful malfeasance and defaults, and/or such other conduct as would exempt him or her from indemnification as provided in Section 2.9 hereof. Section 2.8. Steering Committee Members May Deal With the Corporation No Steering Committee Member, or Member, shall be disqualified by his or her office, or status, from contracting or dealing, directly or indirectly, with the Corporation as vendor, purchaser or otherwise because of his or her, interest in any corporation, firm, trust, partnership or other organization connected with such contracting or dealing, nor shall any such dealing, contract or arrangement entered into with the Corporation in which any Steering Committee Member has an interest, be avoided nor shall any Steering Committee Member so dealing or contracting or being so interested be liable to account for any profit realized by any such dealing, contract or arrangement by reason of such Steering Committee Member's holding office or of the fiduciary relation hereby established, or by reason of such Steering Committee Member's status, provided the Steering Committee Member shall act in good faith and shall disclose the nature of his or her interest before the dealing, contract or arrangement is entered into. Section 2.9. Indemnification The Corporation shall, to the extent legally permissible, indemnify each of the Steering Committee Members against all liabilities and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and counsel fees, reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defence or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he or she may be involved or with which he or she may be threatened, while in office, or thereafter, by reason of his or her being or having been such a Steering Committee Member, except with respect to any matter as to which he or she shall have been adjudicated in any proceeding to have acted in bad faith or with willful misconduct or reckless disregard of his or her duties or not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interest of the Corporation. The right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Steering Committee Member may be entitled herein or by contract or otherwise under law. As used in this Section, the term "Steering Committee Member" includes his or her respective heirs, executors and administrators. Nothing in this Section shall, however, be deemed to limit in any respect the powers granted to the Steering Committee in these By-Laws. In furtherance hereof the Steering Committee shall maintain so called Officers And Directors Liability Insurance in such amounts as they shall determine. Section 2.10. General Duties The Steering Committee shall, subject to and in accordance with, the decisions of the Member Households, and in furtherance of the hereinstated purposes and goals, shall make all policy and undertake all such acts and things as are necessary and appropriate to the accomplishment of the Corporation's purposes and goals. It is intended hereby that the Steering Committee shall be that entity having the powers of directors and officers of a corporation established pursuant to Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 180, and shall from amongst them have certain officers as hereinafter provided. Section 2.11. General Powers of the Steering Committee In the performance of their duties as provided herein the Steering Committee shall have all powers and authorities necessary and appropriate to such duties, including, but not limited to the following: A. Conducting litigation on behalf of the Corporation and being subject to suit as to any course of action involving the affairs of the Corporation. B. Determining and budgeting the Corporation Expenses required for the affairs of the Corporation. C. Collecting the Assessments (which for the purposes of these By-Laws shall mean such portion of the Corporation Expenses as are payable by the Members). D. Opening and utilizing bank accounts on behalf of the Corporation and designating the signatories required thereof. E. Obtaining of insurance. F. Incurring obligations and paying, compromising, or adjusting all obligations incurred and rights acquired in the administration of the affairs of the Corporation. G. obtaining advice of counsel and relying thereon, and employing, appointing and removing such other persons, agents, managers, officers, brokers, engineers, architects, employees, servants and assistants as they shall deem advisable, and defining their respective duties and fixing their pay and compensation. H. Investing and reinvesting the Corporation's property, or any part or parts thereof, and from time to time, and as often as they shall see fit to change investments, including power to invest in all types of securities and other property, of whatsoever nature and however denominated, all to such extent as to them shall seem proper, and without liability for loss, even though such property or such investment shall be of a character or in an amount not customarily considered proper for the investment of fiduciary funds, or which does or may not produce income. I. Selling and exchanging the Corporation's property or any interest therein for such consideration and upon such items as they deem advisable. J. Purchasing and otherwise acquiring any real or personal property on behalf of the Corporation. K. Borrowing money and mortgaging or pledging all or any part of the Corporation's property and issuing bonds, notes or other evidence of indebtedness. L. Incurring such liabilities, obligations and expenses, and to pay from the principal or the income of the Corporation's property all such sums, as they shall deem necessary or proper, for the furtherance of the purposes of the Corporation. M. Executing any and all instruments incidental or necessary to carry out any of the foregoing powers. N. Entering into such arrangements, partnerships, joint ventures, and/or relationships as may be appropriate to effectuating the Corporations purposes. Section 2.12. Meetings Meetings of the Steering Committee and the conduct thereof shall be as follows: A. Annual Meeting. The Steering Committee shall meet annually within seventy-two (72) hours of the Annual Meeting of the Members. At such meeting the Steering Committee shall select a Presiding Officer, a Financial Officer and a Recording Officer and such other officers as they deem expedient. B. Regular Meetings. The Steering Committee shall meet regularly at least once in each quarter of the fiscal year. No notice shall be required if a regularly established date, time and place for such meeting is established. Otherwise, notice of regular meetings of the Steering Committee shall be given at least five (5) business days prior to the day named for such meeting and shall specify the time and place thereof. C. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Steering Committee shall be held upon the request of any two (2) Steering Committee Members or upon the request of any other Committee. Such request shall be to the Presiding Officer and/or Recording Officer and shall delineate the matter, or matters, the requestors wish discussed and/or acted upon. Such meetings shall be held upon three (3) business days' notice to each Steering Committee Member stating the time, place and purpose of the meeting. D. Waiver of Notice of Meetings. Any Steering Committee Member may at any time waive notice of any meeting of the Steering Committee in writing and the receipt of such waiver shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of notice. E. Quorum / Action. At all meetings of the Steering Committee, a majority of the Steering Committee Members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and, except as hereinafter specified, the determination at a meeting at which a quorum is present (no proxies being permissible) shall constitute the decision of the Steering Committee. In such event as a majority of the Steering Committee Members present determine that a matter is of such importance that the full Steering Committee should be present, such determination shall be postponed until a fully attended meeting may be convened. If at any meeting of the Steering Committee less than a quorum is present, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting. Telephonic participation shall be deemed presence. The Steering Committee may also act without a meeting by instrument executed by all of their number. F. Rules. The Steering Committee shall adopt reasonable rules for the conduct of its meetings as it shall determine. Section 2.13. Records The Steering Committee shall cause to be kept detailed records of the Corporation, including, but not limited to, minutes of the meetings of the Steering Committee, minutes of the meetings of the Annual Meeting of the Members and financial records and books of account of the Corporation. In addition, the Steering Committee shall cause to be kept detailed records of the actions of the Steering Committee, the Corporation, or their appointees or agents taken on behalf of the Corporation. Section 2.14. Annual Report An annual report of the receipts and expenditures of the Corporation shall be made at the end of each fiscal year by an independent, disinterested, certified public accountant. The Steering Committee shall cause this report to be made and a copy of said report to be sent to each Member Household promptly after it is made. In addition, a copy of said report shall be kept on file with the records of the Corporation and shall be made available for inspection by the Members and/or their authorized agents during reasonable business hours. ARTICLE III OFFICERS The officers of the Corporation shall be the Presiding Officer, the Financial Officer and the Recording Officer. The Steering Committee may select additional officers as they deem appropriate. The Presiding Officer, Financial Officer and Recording Officer shall be Steering Committee Members, as shall other officers of the Corporation as may be designated. Section 3.1. Selection and Removal of Officers The officers shall be chosen annually at the Annual Meeting of the Steering Committee and shall hold office at the discretion thereof or until their successors are chosen. Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, at a regular or special meeting of the Steering Committee called for that purpose, and at which eighty percent (80%) of the Steering Committee Members are present (excepting the officer in question), and his or her replacement chosen as herein provided. Section 3.2. Presiding Officer The Presiding Officer shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation. He or she, or his or her designee, shall preside at all meetings of the Membership of the Community Corporation and of the Steering Committee. Subject to the direction and authorization of the Steering Committee, he or she shall have all of the general powers and duties which are incidental to the office of president of a business corporation under the laws of Massachusetts. Section 3.3. Financial Officer The Financial Officer shall have the responsibility for Corporation's funds and securities, and such other funds and securities as are entrusted to the Corporation, and shall be responsible for keeping full and accurate financial records and books of account showing all receipts and disbursements and for the preparation of required financial data. He or she shall be responsible for the deposit of all monies and other valuable effects in the name of the Corporation in such depositories as may from time to time may be designated by the Steering Committee, and he or she shall perform all duties incidental to the office of Treasurer of a business corporation organized under the laws of Massachusetts. No payment voucher shall be paid unless and until approved by the Financial officer, or in his or her absence, by the Assistant Financial officer, if any, or the Presiding Officer. Section 3.4. Recording Officer The Recording Officer shall keep the minutes of all meetings of the Membership of the Corporation and of the Steering Committee; shall have charge of such books and papers as the Steering Committee may direct; and shall perform all the duties incidental to the office of the Clerk of a business corporation under the laws of Massachusetts and as described elsewhere in the By-Laws of the Corporation. Section 3.5. Execution of Documents All agreements, contracts, deeds, leases, checks and other instruments of the Corporation shall be executed by such officer or officers of the Corporation or by such other person(s) as may be authorized by the Steering Committee, and in the absence of designation, by the Presiding Officer and/or Financial Officer. Section 3.6. Compensation of Officers No officer shall receive any compensation from the Corporation for acting as such, except for reimbursement of necessary and duly incurred expenses, and except as may be provided for in the same or similar manner for the Steering Committee pursuant to Article II, Section 2.6 hereof. Section 3.7. Resignation Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Steering Committee, the Presiding officer or the Recording Officer. Any such resignation shall take effect on the date of the receipt of such notice or any later time specified therein. Section 3.8. No Personal Liability The Presiding Officer, Financial Officer or Recording Officer shall not under any circumstance or in any event be held liable or accountable out of his or her personal assets or be deprived of compensation, if any, by reason of any action taken, suffered or omitted in good faith, in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interests of the Corporation, or for allowing one or more of the other officers or committee members to have possession of the Corporation's books or property, or be so liable, accountable or deprived of compensation by reason of honest errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law or by reason of anything except his or her own personal and willful malfeasance and defaults and/or such other conduct as would exempt him or her from indemnification as provided in Section 3.10 hereof. Section 3.9. Officers May Deal With the Corporation No Officer shall be disqualified by his or her office, or status, from contracting or dealing, directly or indirectly, with the Corporation as vendor, purchaser or otherwise because of his or her, interest in any corporation, firm, trust, partnership or other organization connected with such contracting or dealing, nor shall any such dealing, contract or arrangement entered into with the Corporation in which any Officer has an interest, be avoided nor shall any Officer so dealing or contracting or being so interested be liable to account for any profit realized by any such dealing, contract or arrangement by reason of such Officer's holding office or of the fiduciary relation hereby established, or by reason of such Officer's status, provided that the Officer shall act in good faith and shall disclose the nature of his or her interest before the dealing, contract or arrangement is entered into. Section 3.10. Indemnification The Corporation shall, to the extent legally permissible, indemnify each Officer against all liabilities and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and counsel fees, reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he or she may be involved or with which he or she may be threatened, while in office, or thereafter, by reason of his or her being or having been such an Officer, except with respect to any matter as to which he or she shall have been adjudicated in any proceeding to have acted in bad faith or with willful misconduct or reckless disregard of his or her duties or not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interest of the Corporation. The right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Officer may be entitled herein or by contract or otherwise under law. As used in this Section, the term "Officer" includes his or her respective heirs, executors and administrators. Nothing in this Section shall, however, be deemed to limit in any respect the powers granted to any officer in these By-Laws. In furtherance hereof the Corporation shall maintain so called Officers And Directors Liability Insurance in such amounts as the Steering Committee shall determine. ARTICLE IV COMMITTEES Section 4.1. Committee Formation Committees may form on the initiative of any Member of the Corporation or by decision of the Steering Committee or the Member Households. Committees may be designated as official Committees by the Steering Committee or the Member Households. The Steering Committee or the Member Households may empower any Official Committee to make a single decision or a class of decisions on behalf of the Corporation. Section 4.2. Standing Committees There shall be maintained the following standing committees which shall have the herein delineated functions. A. Finance Committee. The Finance Committee shall be responsible for developing and submitting to the Steering Committee and/or the Membership such plans, forecasts, proformas, budgets and similar items as are necessary and proper to creating the Community contemplated hereunder. B. Membership Committee. The Membership Committee shall be responsible for, after due and proper investigations, recommending Provisional and/or Full Membership in the Corporation. A recommendation for Full Membership shall be only by unanimity of the Committee. Section 4.3. Committee Determinations All deliberations and determinations by the committee shall be by consensus as hereinafter provided. All procedural provisions hereof for the Steering Committee shall, as relevant and not contrary to specific provisions of this Article, apply to the Committees. Section 4.4. Committee Oversight The Steering Committee shall oversee all Committees and may, at the request of any Committee Member, or Member, intercede in the affairs of the Committee if, in the Steering Committee's judgment, the welfare of the Corporation is not being optimally served. Such intervention may include helping in conflict resolution, altering the makeup of the Committee or disbanding the Committee. Section 4.5. Committee Report Each Committee shall report to the Steering Committee as its tasks and duties warrant, as specified by the Steering Committee or at least quarterly. ARTICLE V MEMBERS Section 5.1. Households and Members Membership in the Corporation shall be on a Household basis and such Household shall be entitled to all rights and responsible for all obligations appurtenant to Membership. For the purposes of these By-Laws a Household shall be defined as a group of individuals who have declared to the Steering Committee their intention to live in a single dwelling in the Community and who need not be related by kinship or marriage. The determination of the existence and composition of a Household shall reside with the Steering Committee. Section 5.2. Classes of Members There shall be two classes of Members as follows: A. Full Members. Full Member Households include Initial Member households (as defined in Section 5.3) and any other Households subsequently granted Full Member status through the Corporation's membership procedures. It is the intention of the Corporation that all Full Member Households have the opportunity to purchase dwellings in the community envisaged herein. In the event that the number of Households exceeds the capacity of the chosen site, available spaces will be offered first to Full Member Households. Full Members have the right and obligation to participate in any or all decision making and are obliged to pay all dues and assessments levied by the Corporation. B. Provisional Members. Upon being accepted for Membership by the membership committee, a household shall have the status, for a period of three (3) months, of Provisional Membership. Upon completion of this period, the Membership Committee shall make a recommendation to the Full Member Households for or against the granting of Full Member status to the Provisional Member. The Membership Committee may, alternatively, recommend the continuation of the Household's status as a Provisional Member, which alternative may be proffered no more than three (3) times. A Provisional Member shall be granted Full Member status only upon consensus of the then full member households. Provisional Member status may be continue as provided upon a vote of at least fifty percent (50%) of the then Members. Discussion and voting on Membership status shall be in the absence of a nominee. Provisional Members have the right and are encouraged to participate in any or all discussions of the Corporation, but shall be not entitled to make or vote upon membership decisions. Provisional Members are obliged to pay all dues and assessments with the exception of Earnest Money described in Section 9.2. Section 5.3. Initial Membership The initial Members of the Corporation shall be those Households presently involved in the purposes of the Corporation a list of which is filed with the records of the Corporation. Section 5.4. Membership Nontransferable Membership in the Corporation shall not be transferable in any manner, form or degree. Section 5.5. Participation Of Individuals The adult members of a Member Household of the Corporation (Members) shall be entitled, and are expected, to fully participate in the affairs of the Corporation, except as hereinafter provided in regard to voting. Section 5.6. Voting Each Member Household holds and is entitled to cast one vote. In such case as there is more than one adult comprising a Household then, if said adults can agree, one adult from the Household shall be designated to cast the vote for that Household. The signature of one such adult shall be deemed such designation. If, however, the said adults cannot agree, each such adult shall have a vote equal to one divided by the number of adults in the Household. Section 5.7. Annual Meeting There shall be an annual meeting of the Corporation held on the first Monday of February in each year, or within fourteen (14) days either before or after such date, at such time and place as the Steering Committee may designate. At such meeting the Steering Committee shall report to the Members upon the affairs of the Corporation and conduct elections. Such other business as may properly come before the Members shall also be conducted. A. Quorum. A quorum for the purpose of conducting such business as is within the purview of the Members shall exist if a majority of the Member Households are present in person. If a quorum is not present, then such business as may properly come before the Members and necessitate their vote thereon may be conducted in the following manner: The Steering Committee may mail to each Household a written statement of such business matters together with a request for each Household to cast its vote or votes by written instrument delivered to the Recording officer. The Annual Meeting may be held without the conduct of business -- that is, for the purpose of the Steering Committee reporting on the affairs of the Corporation -- without a quorum being present. B. Notice. Notice of the Annual Meeting, specifying the time and place thereof, shall be given at least fourteen (14) days prior thereto. Section 5.8. Other Meetings The Steering Committee may from time to time, upon at least seven (7) days' notice, convene a meeting of the Member Households for such purpose as they may deem appropriate. Notice of such meetings shall specify the time, place and purpose thereof. Section 5.9. Special Meetings Special meetings may be convened upon the request of at least ten percent (10%) of the Member Households for the purpose of making known to the Steering Committee such matters as said Member Households desire. A request for such a Special Meeting shall be to the Presiding Officer and/or Recording Officer and signed by the Members having the above specified votes and shall specify the matter to be discussed and/or determined. Such a meeting shall be held within fourteen (14) days' of the receipt of such request and upon at least seven (7) days' notice specifying the time, place and purpose of said meeting. The Member Households shall be entitled at any such meeting, or at any other meeting, to overturn any determination of the Steering Committee, or any other Committee or to direct them to undertake specific acts or things. Section 5.10. Rules The Member Households shall adopt reasonable rules for the conduct of Members' meetings as they shall determine. ARTICLE VI CONSENSUS It is intended that, to the extent possible, all decisions of the Corporation, its Members, Committees and the Steering Committee shall be by consensus. Decision making of the Corporation will be upon a modified consensus basis as follows: The meeting -- that is, the Members, Committee or Steering Committee -- shall first attempt to make its decision by consensus of its quorum. A consensus is deemed reached if all of the quorum present agree to the adoption of the proposal, or stand aside. Every effort shall be made to reach such a consensus with compromises and adjustments being made appropriately. The meeting chairperson shall, at proper junctures as a consensus emerges, restate the determination emerging. If consensus cannot be reached within the time allotted for consideration of a proposal at a single meeting, the proposal is tabled until a subsequent meeting. If no consensus can be reached after a proposal has been considered for at least thirty minutes at each of three meetings, with at least eighteen hours between such meetings, the proposal shall be deemed deadlocked. Thereupon, at such third or any subsequent meeting, any Member present may move to vote, and a vote will be taken if at least two-thirds of the Households represented agree to vote. The proposal shall then be voted upon subject to the specific voting requirements herein provided, or if none be so provided, then upon at least a two-thirds vote of the Households represented at the meeting. If no vote is taken on a deadlocked proposal, the proposal will continue to be considered at subsequent meetings until a consensus to accept or reject the proposal is reached or a vote is taken. If consensus cannot be reached on a proposal which is too urgent to postpone to the next scheduled meeting, an emergency meeting or meetings can be called, by a majority vote of the households present, in order to continue discussion of the proposal at the earliest possible date. In the case of such an emergency meeting, the normal requirement of seven days notice before meetings is waived. If the emergency meeting is less than eighteen hours after the end of another meeting where the proposal was discussed, it shall be considered an extension of the previous meeting for the purposes of determining the existence of deadlock. Recognizing that certain decisions are of such a magnitude and/or import that the consensus or vote of a quorum is inappropriate, at any time during the consideration of a proposal, if a majority of the quorum present agree, the matter will be tabled until the Households not represented are contacted to give their approval or until a meeting of the full Membership, Committee or Steering Committee, as appropriate, can be convened whereupon this consensus procedure shall be followed. ARTICLE VII CORPORATION EXPENSES Section 7.1. Corporation Expenses The costs and expenses incurred in the furtherance of the Corporation's purposes (Corporation Expenses) shall be paid from the funds of the Corporation. Such funds shall be raised by assessments levied upon the Members by the Steering Committee subject, however, to the following limitations: A. All assessments shall be made equally to each Member Household; provided, however, that if a Household is comprised such that there is a single adult, such Household shall be assessed at seventy-five percent (75%). For example, if an assessment of one hundred dollars ($100.00) per Member Household is levied, a Household which has but one adult shall be assessed seventy-five dollars ($75.00). B. The Steering Committee may approve Corporate Expenses of no more than two hundred dollars ($200.00) for any one Expense. C. Other Committees may approve Corporate Expenses of no more than fifty dollars ($50.00) for petty expenses, which shall for these purposes mean day to day expenses such as postage, meeting space cost, copying, etc. D. All other Corporate Expenses shall require the approval of the Members at a duly held meeting; provided however that the Members may by telephone poll approve a Corporate Expense not in excess of one thousand dollars ($1,000.00). Section 7.2. Standing Assessment (Dues) A standing assessment (dues) shall be deemed to exist of one hundred sixty dollars ($160.00) per fiscal year (one hundred twenty dollars ($120.00) for a single adult Household) payable on the first day of each quarter. Section 7.3. Insurance The Steering Committee shall obtain and maintain adequate and appropriate insurance coverages commensurate with the activities of the Corporation and as required by these By-Laws. The cost of such insurance shall be a Corporate Expense. Such insurances shall in events include the following: A. Fidelity insurance fully insuring all funds of the Corporation and/or those in its possession, custody and/or control; B. Directors and officers liability insurance; and C. General liability insurance. ARTICLE VIII WITHDRAWAL AND EXPULSION Section 8.1. Withdrawal A Member Household may withdraw from the Corporation at any time upon notice delivered to the Steering Committee, the Presiding Officer or the Recording Officer. If a Household with Full Member status withdraws before purchase of a home in the community, it shall be entitled to a refund of all assessments paid, plus interest at one half a percent (1/2%) per month, less the sum of five hundred dollars ($500.00). Such refund shall be due and payable 90 days from the date the community envisioned hereunder is fully occupied. Upon withdrawal or the denial of Full Member status, a Household with Provisional Member status shall be entitled to a refund of all assessments paid. No interest or earnings shall be due thereon. Such refund shall be due and payable 90 days from the date of withdrawal or the denial of Full Member status. Section 8.2. Expulsion The Membership Committee, the Steering Committee and/or such number of Member Households as are required for the calling of a Special Meeting, may recommend to the Presiding Officer or Recording Officer the expulsion of a Member Household. Thereupon a Special Meeting of the Members shall be convened to consider such recommendation. At such meeting a Member Household may be expelled upon consensus or, failing that, the vote of seventy-five percent (75%) of the other Member Households. The Member Household being considered for expulsion shall not be entitled to participate in such meeting other than to be accorded the opportunity to make a presentation. Upon expulsion the Member Household shall be entitled to a refund of assessments paid as if said Member Household had withdrawn from the Corporation. ARTICLE IX COST OF DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY Section 9.1. Return On Investment It is intended that the Member Households of the Corporation will be all, or a majority of, the initial occupants of the Community to be created. As Member Households shall join the Corporation at differing times the assessments paid will vary. As these assessments are intended to defray part of the cost of developing the Community, and in that each Member Households' monetary investment will be different, at the time of purchase of a home by a Member Household such Member Household shall be credited with an amount equal to the Member Household's contribution (See Article VII) with imputed interest at six percent (6%) per annum compounded monthly from the date of payment. Section 9.2. Earnest Money In order to demonstrate the seriousness and commitment of the Member Households to lending institutions, developers, realtors, potential sellers of the land, etc., it is appropriate that the Member Households evidence such by depositing the sum of one thousand dollars ($1,000.00) (seven hundred fifty dollars ($750.00) for a single adult Household) with the Corporation within ninety (90) days of being granted Full Member status. Such funds shall be held in escrow by Corporation in a separate segregated account(s) in a Federally insured institution, or institutions, in amounts not to exceed such insurance limits by the Corporation as escrow agents for the Member Household. Each Household's contribution shall remain the property of the Member Household and may not be utilized without the Member Household's consent. Upon withdrawal or expulsion from the Corporation or dissolution of the Corporation, such contribution shall be refunded to the Member Household(s) without interest. ARTICLE X DISSOLUTION The Corporation may be dissolved upon consensus or, failing that, the vote of seventy-five percent (75%) of the Members at a Special Meeting of the Members called to consider such. Thereupon, or upon dissolution for any other reason, the affairs of the Corporation shall be woundup and the funds of the Corporation applied as follows: A. First, to pay all creditors. B. Second, to reimburse the Members for their assessments proportionally to their payments. ARTICLE XI AMENDMENT OF BY-LAWS These By-Laws may be modified or amended by consensus of the Member Households. ARTICLE XII MISCELLANEOUS Section 12.1. Notice Procedure Whenever under the provisions of these By-Laws notice is required to be given to the Steering Committee, the Corporation, any Officer or any Member, it shall not be construed to mean personal notice; and such notice may be given in writing, either by mail by depositing the same in a post office or letter box in a postpaid sealed wrapper, addressed to the proper party at such address as appears on the books of the corporation, provided that such mailing is made in the United States of America certified mail, or by attested to delivery to such person. Notice shall be deemed given as of the date of mailing or as of the date of delivery, respectively. Section 12.2. Waiver of Notice Whenever any notice is required to be given by law or under the provisions of these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed the equivalent thereof. Section 12.3. Office of the Corporation The office of the Corporation and of the Steering Committee of the Corporation shall be located at such location in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as may be selected from time to time by the Steering Committee. Section 12.4. Fiscal Year The fiscal year of the Community Corporation shall be the calendar year. The Steering Committee may change such fiscal year as they, in their discretion, determine is appropriate. Section 12.5. Certificates of Membership The Steering Committee may provide for the issuance of Certificates of Membership in the Corporation in a form which it shall determine. One such Certificate shall be issued for each Member Household and shall contain the name and address of the adult member or members of the Household. The date of issuance of the Certificate shall be entered in the records of the Corporation by the Recording Officer. Section 12.6. Documents Available for Review Copies of the Articles of the Organization of the Corporation, the By-Laws of the Corporation and the books of account and records of the Corporation, shall be made available for inspection by the Members, or their authorized agents, during reasonable business hours. Section 12.7. Invalidity The invalidity of any part of these By-Laws shall not impair or affect in any manner the validity, enforceability or effect of the balance of the By-Laws of the Corporation, unless such invalidity is to the essence hereof. Section 12.8. Captions The captions herein are inserted only as a matter of convenience and for reference, and in no way define, limit or describe the scope of the By-Laws of the Corporation or the intent of any provisions thereof. Section 12.9. Gender The use of the masculine gender in these By-Laws shall be deemed to include the feminine and neuter gender, and the use of the singular shall be deemed to include the plural and vice versa, whenever the context so requires. Section 12.10. Waiver No restriction, condition, obligation, or provision contained in these By-Laws shall be deemed to have been abrogated or waived by reason of any failure to enforce the same, irrespective of the number of violations or breaches thereof which occur. Section 12.11. Supersedes The provisions of these By-Laws are intended to and shall supercede any agreements and/or understandings of the Initial Members. END OF NEW VIEW NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION BYLAWS Duly adopted by consensus by the New View Neighborhood Development Corporation this sixth day of January, 1992. ___________________________________________ Recording Officer